Drug Monitoring Expensive

Daily Observer

May 19, 1975

 

            ‘Hey Mac’ used to be a convenient way of addressing a stranger to ask directions, but now even this simple and convenient manner of speech faces extinction in the maw of the acronym.

            HEW (acronymic for the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare) has now decided that MAC be reserved for Maximum Allowable Cost, when referring to the how much the government is willing to pay under Medicare and Medicaid for drugs that physicians will prescribe for their patients.

            The guidelines, published in the Federal Register on November 15, 1974, call for purchase of the lowest priced nationally available version of drugs prescribed.

            Of course Federal policy states that the substitute drugs will be of quality and bioavailability equal to that which the physician prescribed.  The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) is supposed to supervise this.  They do not have enough inspectors in the field, nor the laboratory space available to maintain this commitment.

            Actually, the formulation of a medication is quite complex and the final product contains inactive excipients, such as fillers, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, dispersants, coatings, as well as a small quantity of the drug itself.

            The pressure under which a final product is forged into a tablet is also a vital consideration, since obviously, talc can be compressed to an insoluble pellet which will merely go in one end and come out, quite intact, from the other.

            As patients run out on drugs that have been formulated by the members of the pharmaceutical industry, the generic product can be put on the market.  There is no limit to the number of generic suppliers that may crop up to supply the government with its “cheap” equivalents.

            To maintain an inspection force to police the new drug companies may exceed the expense of buying the more expensive product.

            The best way to determine whether or not a drug is properly compounded is to test the concentrations of the end product in the blood stream.  It is this procedure that the government sleuths will depend upon to track down the inadequate products.

            However, even with the best formulations there is a wide individual variability in absorption of a given medication so that the doctors are becoming increasingly aware that the best way to monitor drug dosage is to periodically check its concentration in the serum.

            Techniques are available for this, and the effective serum levels are known for many of the important drugs used.  Thus, digoxin for the heart, or Dilantin for epilepsy can now be administered more scientifically than ever before without the physician having to depend on clinical signs of toxicity to warn of over-dosage.

            But here the government will be forced into another quandary.  The analysis of blood for drug concentration is far from inexpensive.

            If physicians find that their Medicare and Medicaid patients are receiving the so called generic equivalents of drugs they prescribed, they might be doubly cautious and order chemical surveillance of blood levels on a continuing basis to monitor dosage.  Thus, out the window go the savings that the governmental agencies projected when their penchant for frugality drove them tinkering with the practice of medicine.

            There is no way out of the quandary.

            Everything is expensive.  Life is expensive and health is expensive.  To take a budgetary view of the sanctity of life will eventually raise questions about priorities with respect to the sanctity of life, and the volcanic eruptions from the ensuing debate will shake the ethical foundations of our civilization.